Digital Transformation of Pesantren: An Analysis of Online Learning Management and the Strengthening of Character Values in the Society 5.0 Era

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the online learning management model and strategies for strengthening character values in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in responding to the demands of the Society 5.0 era. Using a qualitative approach and a case study method in two pesantren actively undergoing transformation, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings reveal that digital transformation in pesantren is selective and contextual; it does not replace the essence of traditional education but rather reinforces it through technology. Pesantren develop a structured hybrid learning management model that integrates a parallel curriculum (synchronous for religious studies and asynchronous for supporting subjects) while involving the role of Cyber Santri as technical partners. The strengthening of character values such as honesty, responsibility, and discipline is integrated through value infusion in digital task design and the creation of a civilized digital environment, where kiai and ustadz remain present as role models. The study identifies key supporting factors, including visionary leadership and an adaptive internal community, as well as challenges such as gaps in digital competence and the threat of distraction. This research concludes that pesantren have the potential to become a model of Pesantren Society 5.0—human-centered in nature—provided they build a balance between technological mastery and Islamic digital pedagogy, thereby producing students who excel spiritually, intellectually, and digitally. The study recommends the need for policy support to strengthen infrastructure and provide continuous training to ensure sustainable and meaningful transformation.